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共轭纳米孔聚合物在锂硫电池中的应用
(西北工业大学)
Application of Conjugated Nanoporous Polymers for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
(Northwestern Polytechnical University)
摘要
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投稿时间:2018-01-14    修订日期:2018-03-08
中文摘要: 作为一类由共轭单元构建的多孔材料,共轭纳米孔聚合物(CNPs)具有开放的孔骨架、高的比表面积、永久的微/介孔、共轭结构以及可灵活设计的孔壁化学环境。因此,CNPs有望成为一类理想的宿主材料,实现从分子和纳米尺度上固定或捕获客体。锂硫电池具有比能量高、成本低、环境友好等优势,是一种非常有前景的高比能锂二次电池。然而,硫分步还原或氧化过程中产生的中间态多硫化物在电解液中溶解穿梭现象,是导致电池循环稳定性差的根本因素之一。因此,构建束缚多硫化物的宿主材料,是锂硫电池性能突破的关键因素。由于其结构优势,CNPs有望成为性能优良的硫宿主材料。本文综述了近年来CNPs在锂硫电池中的应用,重点讨论了抑制“穿梭效应”提升电池性能的策略与方法,并对未来该领域的发展进行了展望。
Abstract:As a class of porous polymeric materials constructed by conjugated building blocks, conjugated nanoporous polymers (CNPs) exhibit open framework structures, high surface areas, permanent micro- or mesopores, conjugated skeletons, and the flexible molecular design for pore wall chemistry. Therefore, they offer a promising platform as a class of ideal host matrices for immobilization/entrapment of guest molecules or materials at molecular and nanoscale level. Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are regarded as a kind of promising high-density energy-storage technology due to their relatively high theoretical capacity, low cost and environmental benign. However, one of the critical problems is the shuttling of soluble polysulfides in electrolyte derived from stepwise redox transformation between S and Li2S, resulting in rapid capacity fading. Constructing sulfur hosts with efficient polysulfides immobilization ability is critical to make a breakthrough in Li-S batteries. A feasible strategy is to use CNPs as host materials, benefitting from their structural features. This review summarizes the progress of CNPs applied in Li-S batteries in recent years, focuses on the strategies of CNPs in preventing shuttle effect and boosting performance of Li-S batteries, and finally presents a perspective on the future development in this field.
文章编号:20180114001     中图分类号:O63;TM912    文献标志码:
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目,陕西省自然科学基金项目,陕西省高校科协青年人才托举计划资助项目
引用本文:
徐飞,杨书浩,刘千惠,李贺军,魏秉庆,王洪强.共轭纳米孔聚合物在锂硫电池中的应用[J].功能高分子学报,DOI:10.14133/j.cnki.1008-9357.20180114001.
XU Fei,YANG Shu-hao,LIU Qian-hui,LI he-jun,WEI Bing-qing,WANG Hong-qiang.Application of Conjugated Nanoporous Polymers for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries[J].Journal of Functional Polymers,DOI:10.14133/j.cnki.1008-9357.20180114001.